How did this tremendous development take place, and why did it happen in the Teotihuacán Valley? Among the main factors are Teotihuacán's geographic location on a natural trade route to the south and east of the Valley of Mexico, the obsidian¹ resources in the Teotihuacán Valley itself, and the valley's potential for extensive irrigation.Moreover, the city had economic and perhaps religious contacts with most parts of Mesoamerica (modern Central America and Mexico). Clearly, much planning and central control were involved in the expansion and ordering of this great metropolis. It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices, and a regular grid pattern of streets and buildings. 150 and 700, it probably had a population of more than 125,000 people and covered at least 20 square kilometers. The city of Teotihuacán, which lay about 50 kilometers northeast of modern-day Mexico City, began its growth by 200 –100 B.C.
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